Links Between Sea Surface Temperature Structures, Clouds and Rainfall: Study Case of the Mediterranean Sea

Using 25 years of ERA5 reanalysis data, this study shows that wind divergence is partially driven by small-scale sea surface temperature (SST) patterns via their effect on the boundary layer stability. Moreover, strong warm-to-cold fronts (the upper quartile) are associated with a mean increase cloud cover 10% ± 5% and in probability rain event 15% 6%, respect to average values. The rainfall dependence SST more pronounced Fall, probably due stronger gradients present at end summer season.